volume 4-7 (2020):
issue 1 (June 2020)
Publisher: The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy
The Kivukoni Journal of the Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy, which was
established in 2011, aims at fostering discussions and exchange of ideas on
multidisciplinary issues, which are relevant to the current research and development
agenda to the Global and Tanzania Societies. We wish to urge and encourage our
esteemed readers and the community of researchers to make use of this scholarly
journal to find responses and solutions to the challenges currently facing our
societies.
The world’s development under globalization and liberalization depends largely
on the research-based solutions that illuminate on social, economic, political, and
cultural development for the betterment of the society.
Thus, Kivukoni Journal offers the opportune forum for review and scholarly debates
on multidisciplinary subjects that are relevant to development. The Journal caters
for a wider readership among the members of the academia who are utilizing their
knowledge for the best interest of the society.
Kivukoni Journal is published bi-annually. The Editorial Board has recently been
reviewed to include members from different institutions across the world with the
aim of meeting the global publication standards. The countries that are represented
here include Tanzania, United States of America, Russia, Nigeria, and Kenya. In
this regard, the Editorial Board invites articles, book reviews that are relevant to
socioeconomic and cultural development.
As is the practice of most schol
